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Digital camera basics
DSLR DSLR stands for Digital single lens reflex A DSLR is a digital camera that uses mirrors to direct light from the lense to the viewfinder, Which is a hole on the back of the camera that you look through to see what you are taking a picture of. Exposure The amount of light collected by the sensor in your camera during a single picture. If the shot is exposed too long the photo will be washed out If the shot is exposed too short it will be too dark Most cameras today have light meters which measure the light into the given shot and set and ideal exposure 3 primary controls your cameras uses for exposure aperture shutter speed and ISO Aperture Aperture is a hole within a lense through which light travels into the camera body Easier to understand the concept if you think about it within your eyes. Every camera today is designed like the human eye Size of Aperture -large vs small In photography aperture is expressed in f numbers ex f/5.6. These f numbers are known as f stops are a way of describing the size of aperture how open or closed it is Smaller f stop means a larger aperture larger f stop means a smaller aperture Aperture basics Small a (f 22) increase the depth of field, bringing the main subject and background into focuse Large a low f numbers soften background details DOF or depth of field is the distance to which objects behind and infront of the focal point appears to be in focus Shutter speed Exposure time stands for the length of time a camera shutter is open to expose the light into the camera sensor Shutter speed fast= can help freeze action Slow shutter speed create and effect called motion blur where moving objects look blurred where moving objects appear blurred in the way that the thing is moving Measure shutter speed Measured in a fraction of a second when they are under a second Ex ¼ means a quarter of a second Rule of thumb shutter speed Slowest shutter speed for handheld photography is 1/60 anything lower should be on a tripod or a straight solid surface Any slower handheld shutter speed begins to get motion blur or it may be out of focus ISO Level of sensitivity of your camera to available light Low light the iso number less sensitive it is to the light higher increases sensitivity The component with your camera that can change sensitivity is called image sensor or simpy sensor With increase sensitivity your camera sensor can cap images in low light Gen rule of thumb Bright and sunny 100 iso Cloudy 250 iso Indoors 500 iso Night without flash 1600 iso Modes on the DSLR M -manual control A -aperture priority S -shutter priority P -(program) camera sets shutter speed and aperture How to hold a DSLR: Wear camera strap Hold the camera by the lens and hand grip if possible-treat with care Camera Obscura is Latin for dark room. Camera Obsucra is thought to be invented int the 13 or 14 century. This is the reflection of the images of the outside in a dark room through a hole in the window. In order to make a Camera Obscura you will need a completely dark room except a hole in the window allowing light and your image to come through. Your image will appear reversed and upside down. Camera Obscura is a method fought to students in photography classes today
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